Install Fedora with Windows 8:11 PM

[modified from http://www.labtestproject.com/step_by_step_install_fedora_screenshot]

1.  Download Fedora 12 iso image from Fedora official site.

2.  Burn Fedora iso image to Dvd.

3.  Configure BIOS setup to boot from DVD drive.

4.  Inset Fedora 12 DVD and boot your system, and wait for Fedora Installation menu screen as show on figure below appear...

5.  The Fedora 12 installation menu show...

Menu option:  Welcome to Fedora 12!

Install or upgrade an existing system

Install system with basic video driver

Rescue installed system

Boot from local drive

====|  Disc Found  |====

To begin testing the media before installation process press OK.

Choose Skip to skip the media test and start the installation.

Action:  Hit 'Enter' key on 'OK' button to proceed with the Fedora media test

====|   Media Check  |====

Choose "Test" to test the disc currently in the drive, or "Eject Disk" to eject the disc and insert another for testing.

Action:  Select "Test" button and hit 'Enter' key to proceed

 

====|   Media Check  |====

Checking "Fedora 12 disc ALL".

Action:  Wait until Media Check finish the current process

====|   Success  |====

The image which was just tested was successfully verified.  It should be OK to install from this media.  Note that not all media/drive errors can be detected by the media check.

Action:  Hit 'Enter' key to proceed...

====|   Media Check  |====

If you like to test additional media, insert the next disc and press "Test".  Testing each disc is not strictly required, however it is highly recommended.  Minimally, the discs should be tested prior to using them for the first time.  After they have been successfully tested, it is not required to retest each disc prior to using it again.

Action:  Select the 'Continue' button and hit 'Enter' key to proceed with the installation process...

Fedora 12

Copyright © 2003-2009 Red Hat, Inc. and others. All rights reserved.

Action:  Click 'Next' button to proceed with the installation process

Fedora 12 Language

What language would you like to use during the installation process?

English (English)

Action:  Choose the English or other language that suite you and click 'Next' button to proceed

Fedora 12 keyboard Layout setting

Select the appropriate keyboard for the system

U.S. English

Action:  Choose the U.S. English or other keyboard setting that match your system keyboard setting and click 'Next' button to proceed

 

Fedora 12 storage device

Finding storage devices

Action:  Wait...

 

Fedora 12 hostname

Please name this computer.  The hostname identifies the computer on a network.

Default Hostname:  localhost.localdomain

Action:  Change the Fedora 12 hostname as you see fit and click 'Next' button to proceed

 

Fedora 12 Time Zone

Please select the nearest city in your time zone:

Selected city: America/New York

System clock uses UTC

Action:  Click 'Next' button to proceed

 

Fedora 12 root Password

The root account is used for administrating the system.  Enter a password for the root user.

Root Password: ______________

Confirm:       ______________

Action:    Key in root password for your Fedora 12 system and click on 'Next' button to proceed

Fedora 12 Partition

Installation requires partitioning of your hard drive.  The default layout is suitable for most users.  Select what space to use and which drives to use as the install target.  You can also choose to create your own custom layout.

Fedora 12 Partition

Installation requires partitioning of your hard drive.  The default layout is suitable for most users.  Select what space to use and which drives to use as the install target.  You can also choose to create your own custom layout.

Action:  Click on the drop down menu and choose Shrink Current System option

Let the system identify the free space create the partitions and then continue.

The swap size should be twice the amount of your RAM (not mandatory)

The root (/) partition is recommended to be more than 4 GB

Write changes to the disk.

Fedora 12 Create Filesystem Screenshot

Fedora 12 Creating filesystem on /dev/sda1

Action:  Just wait until the process finish

Fedora 12 Boot Loader Installation Screenshot

Fedora 12 boot loader Installation, boot loader password and boot loader default operating system

Action:  Leave default boot loader option as it is... or you can customize as you see fit.  Click 'Next' button to proceed

If you have windows installed you will see an entry called Windows or Other. If you want to select it as default. check the checkbox.

Fedora 12 Software Installation - Packages Selection

The default installation of Fedora includes a set of software applicable for general internet usage.  What additional tasks would you like your system to include support for?

 Office and Productivity

 Software Development

 Web Server

Please select any additional repositories that you want to use for software installation.

 Installation Repo

 Fedora 12 - i386

 Fedora 12 - i386 - Test Updates

 Fedora 12 - i386 - Updates

More ... Continue to next screenshot slide

Fedora 12 Customize Software Installation - continue from previous slide

You can further customize the software selection now, or after install via the software management application

 Customize later        Customize now

Action:  Click 'Next' button to proceed

Fedora 12 choose software package

Desktop Environments

Applications

Development

Servers

Base System

Languages

More ... Continue to next screenshot slide

 

Fedora 12 Select Optional Packages

You can further customize Fedora 12 installation by selecting optional packages available.

Action:  Click on 'Next' button to proceed with the installation process

 

Fedora 12 Start Installation Process

Start install process.  This may take several minutes...

Action:  No action require... just wait until the process complete

 

Fedora 12 Installation Complete

Congratulations, your Fedora installation is complete.

Please reboot to use the installed system.  Note that updates may be available to ensure the proper functioning of your system and installation of these updates is recommended after reboot.

Action:  Click on 'Reboot' button to finish up Fedora 12 installation process and proceed with the basic configuration of Fedora 12

Select Fedora from the bootup menu.

And you are done. :)

share the internet connection in linux 8:34 AM

i had the same problem when i started to explore the internet to find the solution to share the internet in my computer. I use Fedora 11. But the below mentioned method is a common way of sharing internet in any linux distributions.

first of all lets look at the topology of network we are going deal with.


{internet}-----(XXX0 / 10.0.0.1)-> PC-A -(YYY0/192.168.0.1)-----------(ZZZ0/192.168.0.2)-> PC-B

We need to share the internet connection to PC-B from PC-A. PC-A is directly connected to the internet via an network interface (such as eth0 or wlan0 or ppp0). We take that interface as XXX0. But please make sure to change the XXX0 to the appropriate network interface which u are connected to the internet.

same as that PC-B is connected to PC-A via interfaces YYY0, ZZZ0 respectively. Once again please make sure you substitute the interface names with the appropriate interface names of yours. (you can check the interface names by ifconfig command)

The architecture of sharing the internet is not hidden in the linux as microsoft does in thier OS. So we should enable the NAT in the internet connected PC, which works as a NAT router. and we should also enable the remote packet forwarding too. This is by default disabled. Now lets work it out...

1) Change to root (this is a must)

su - root

2) Enable IP forwarding

echo "1" > cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

edit /etc/sysctl.conf

and set.....

# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

3) Configure NAT functionality

- remove excisting IPTABLE entries

iptables -F
iptables -t nat -F
iptables -t mangle -F

iptables -X
iptables -t nat -X
iptables -t mangle -X

- Now save the iptables rules

service iptables save
service iptables restart

- Set the nat assuming the internet interface is XXX0

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o XXX0 -j MASQUERADE
service iptables save
service iptables restart


4) Restart network

service network restart

here we go click the PC-Bs web browser and surf the internet.. Enjoy.

Linux is beautiful. And it gives us the real feeling of working on it. Coz we configure it for our own style. This tutorial is for novice users. For next level of linux users they can utilize the above setting according to their needs.

Create a recycle bin for linux console 11:25 PM

Concept : when a user deletes a file that file is moved in to the folder $HOME/.junk

1. Create the .junk folder in the /etc/skel directory.
   
   The content in this directory is copied in to the user home directory when the new user is created. This technique can be used to create the .junk directory in the users home directory.
   
   login as the root
   $ su - root
   password :
   #
   
   create the .junk directory
   # mkdir /etc/skel/.junk
   
   
2. The envioromental variabble we create is WASTEBIN.
   
   The value of the variable will be $HOME/.junk - this enables the user to call the recycle bin directory from the command line.
   edit the file .bash_profile which is executed when the user logs in
   # vi /etc/skel/.bash_profile
   
   in that file add at the bottom
   export WASTEBIN=$HOME/.junk
   
   
3. The command that we create is "del" this is alias to "rm" command.
   
   edit the .bashrc file
   # vi /etc/skel/.bashrc
   
   and append this text to that file to make an alias. add this to the file bottom
   alias rm=del
   
   
4. design the "del" command
   
   In shell(bash) $1, $2, $3... $9 are the nine bash commanline arguments. So we use this predefine variables to pass the values to the "del" command.
   
   we can also use $* variable, which represent all those 9 variables at once. so the del command would be in the following format
   del ....
   
   create the file#
   # vi usr/local/bin/del
   
   then add
   mv $* $WASTEBIN
   
   
5. change the execution permission to the del command
   
   # chmod +x /usr/local/bin/del

download Fedora 10 5:03 AM

Fedora is a Linux-based operating system that showcases the latest in free and open source software. Fedora is always free for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. It is built by people across the globe who work together as a community: the Fedora Project. The Fedora Project is open and anyone is welcome to join.

i386

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 Fedora-10-i386-DVD.iso                                  19-Nov-2008 16:56  3493M   

 Fedora-10-i386-netinst.iso                              19-Nov-2008 16:53   129M  

x86 64

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 Fedora-10-x86_64-netinst.iso                            19-Nov-2008 18:17   130M  

Linux Principles 1:47 AM

• Everything is a file (including hardware)

  - in linux everything is a file including the hardware. There are three types of files

  text file

  Binary file
  

  Device file - hardware representatives
  

  
  

• Small, single-purpose programs

  - small is beautifull concept

  
  

• Ability to chain programs together to perform complex tasks

  - in other word.. its called piping. "|"

  
  

  example
  

  cat /etc/passwd | cut -f1 -d :
  

  this will read the file /etc/passwd and the content is cut with the delemeter ":" and the 1st part is shown

  
  

• Avoid captive user interfaces

  - the basic work in linux is done in command. The GUI is the graphical representative of the command line execution.

  
  

• Configuration data stored in text

  - all configurations are stored in plain text files

  
  

  example

  cat /etc/resolve.conf
  

  this will show the DNS database stored in linux. The name list is stored in plain text in the file /etc/resolve.conf